models.feed_systems.components

Static, immutable descriptions of the physical components a feed-system cycle is built from. The classes in this sub-package do not contain integration state and never mutate during a simulation. Cycle implementations in machwave.models.feed_systems.cycles read these specifications and combine them with the live tank state and chamber conditions to compute mass flow, head rise, and shaft power.

• PumpSpec — A propellant pump at its design point: isentropic efficiency, pressure rise, volumetric flow, and shaft speed.
• TurbineSpec — A turbine at its design point: isentropic efficiency, pressure ratio, inlet temperature, and mass flow.
• GasGeneratorSpec — The gas generator driving the turbine in a gas-generator cycle, or the preburner in a staged-combustion cycle: mixture ratio, chamber pressure, gas temperature, and mass flow.
• RegenerativeJacketSpec — A regenerative cooling jacket wrapping the combustion chamber and nozzle: pressure drop, coolant temperature rise, and heat pickup.

Every spec is a frozen, keyword-only dataclass with __post_init__ validation; construction with an out-of-range value raises ValueError. Each field, its units and its bounds are documented on the class below.

Specs that carry property curves (e.g. pump head versus volumetric flow, turbine efficiency versus pressure ratio) wrap their tabulated data in machwave.core.interpolation.BoundedCubicSpline, which raises rather than extrapolating outside the calibrated knots.

machwave.models.feed_systems.components

Shared component specifications consumed by feed-system cycle implementations.

GasGeneratorSpec dataclass

Gas generator driving a turbopump turbine.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
name	str	Identifier used in logs and reports.
mixture_ratio	float	Oxidizer to fuel mass ratio in the gas generator (>0).
chamber_pressure	float	Combustion chamber pressure of the gas generator [Pa] (>0).
gas_temperature	float	Combustion total temperature delivered to the turbine inlet [K] (>0).
mass_flow	float	Total propellant mass flow through the gas generator [kg/s] (>0).

Raises:

Type	Description
ValueError	If any field is outside its valid physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/gas_generator.py

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
class GasGeneratorSpec:
    """
    Gas generator driving a turbopump turbine.

    Attributes:
        name: Identifier used in logs and reports.
        mixture_ratio: Oxidizer to fuel mass ratio in the gas generator (>0).
        chamber_pressure: Combustion chamber pressure of the gas generator [Pa] (>0).
        gas_temperature: Combustion total temperature delivered to the turbine inlet
            [K] (>0).
        mass_flow: Total propellant mass flow through the gas generator [kg/s] (>0).

    Raises:
        ValueError: If any field is outside its valid physical range.
    """

    name: str
    mixture_ratio: float
    chamber_pressure: float
    gas_temperature: float
    mass_flow: float

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
        if self.mixture_ratio <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"mixture_ratio must be strictly positive, got {self.mixture_ratio}"
            )
        if self.chamber_pressure <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "chamber_pressure must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.chamber_pressure}"
            )
        if self.gas_temperature <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"gas_temperature must be strictly positive, got {self.gas_temperature}"
            )
        if self.mass_flow <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"mass_flow must be strictly positive, got {self.mass_flow}"
            )

__post_init__()

Validate that every field lies in its physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/gas_generator.py

def __post_init__(self) -> None:
    """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
    if self.mixture_ratio <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"mixture_ratio must be strictly positive, got {self.mixture_ratio}"
        )
    if self.chamber_pressure <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "chamber_pressure must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.chamber_pressure}"
        )
    if self.gas_temperature <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"gas_temperature must be strictly positive, got {self.gas_temperature}"
        )
    if self.mass_flow <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"mass_flow must be strictly positive, got {self.mass_flow}"
        )

PumpSpec dataclass

Propellant pump used by turbopump cycles.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
name	str	Identifier used in logs and reports.
isentropic_efficiency	float	Ratio of isentropic enthalpy rise to actual enthalpy rise. Must lie between 0 and 1.
pressure_rise	float	Pressure rise across the pump [Pa] (>0).
volumetric_flow_design	float	Volumetric flow through the pump [m^3/s] (>0).
shaft_speed_design	float	Shaft angular speed [rad/s] (>0).

Raises:

Type	Description
ValueError	If any field is outside its valid physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/pump.py

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
class PumpSpec:
    """
    Propellant pump used by turbopump cycles.

    Attributes:
        name: Identifier used in logs and reports.
        isentropic_efficiency: Ratio of isentropic enthalpy rise to actual
            enthalpy rise. Must lie between 0 and 1.
        pressure_rise: Pressure rise across the pump [Pa] (>0).
        volumetric_flow_design: Volumetric flow through the pump
            [m^3/s] (>0).
        shaft_speed_design: Shaft angular speed [rad/s] (>0).

    Raises:
        ValueError: If any field is outside its valid physical range.
    """

    name: str
    isentropic_efficiency: float
    pressure_rise: float
    volumetric_flow_design: float
    shaft_speed_design: float

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
        if not (0.0 < self.isentropic_efficiency <= 1.0):
            raise ValueError(
                "isentropic_efficiency must be in the interval (0, 1], "
                f"got {self.isentropic_efficiency}"
            )
        if self.pressure_rise <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"pressure_rise must be strictly positive, got {self.pressure_rise}"
            )
        if self.volumetric_flow_design <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "volumetric_flow_design must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.volumetric_flow_design}"
            )
        if self.shaft_speed_design <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "shaft_speed_design must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.shaft_speed_design}"
            )

__post_init__()

Validate that every field lies in its physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/pump.py

def __post_init__(self) -> None:
    """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
    if not (0.0 < self.isentropic_efficiency <= 1.0):
        raise ValueError(
            "isentropic_efficiency must be in the interval (0, 1], "
            f"got {self.isentropic_efficiency}"
        )
    if self.pressure_rise <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"pressure_rise must be strictly positive, got {self.pressure_rise}"
        )
    if self.volumetric_flow_design <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "volumetric_flow_design must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.volumetric_flow_design}"
        )
    if self.shaft_speed_design <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "shaft_speed_design must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.shaft_speed_design}"
        )

RegenerativeJacketSpec dataclass

Regenerative cooling component around the chamber and nozzle.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
name	str	Identifier used in logs and reports.
pressure_drop	float	Total coolant pressure drop across the jacket [Pa] (>0).
coolant_temperature_rise	float	Coolant total temperature rise from jacket inlet to outlet [K] (>0).
heat_pickup	float	Heat power absorbed by the coolant across the jacket [W] (>=0).

Raises:

Type	Description
ValueError	If any field is outside its valid physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/regenerative_jacket.py

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
class RegenerativeJacketSpec:
    """
    Regenerative cooling component around the chamber and nozzle.

    Attributes:
        name: Identifier used in logs and reports.
        pressure_drop: Total coolant pressure drop across the jacket [Pa] (>0).
        coolant_temperature_rise: Coolant total temperature rise from jacket
            inlet to outlet [K] (>0).
        heat_pickup: Heat power absorbed by the coolant across the jacket [W] (>=0).

    Raises:
        ValueError: If any field is outside its valid physical range.
    """

    name: str
    pressure_drop: float
    coolant_temperature_rise: float
    heat_pickup: float

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
        if self.pressure_drop <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"pressure_drop must be strictly positive, got {self.pressure_drop}"
            )
        if self.coolant_temperature_rise <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "coolant_temperature_rise must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.coolant_temperature_rise}"
            )
        if self.heat_pickup < 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"heat_pickup must be non-negative, got {self.heat_pickup}"
            )

__post_init__()

Validate that every field lies in its physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/regenerative_jacket.py

def __post_init__(self) -> None:
    """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
    if self.pressure_drop <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"pressure_drop must be strictly positive, got {self.pressure_drop}"
        )
    if self.coolant_temperature_rise <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "coolant_temperature_rise must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.coolant_temperature_rise}"
        )
    if self.heat_pickup < 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            f"heat_pickup must be non-negative, got {self.heat_pickup}"
        )

TurbineSpec dataclass

Turbine used by turbopump cycles.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
name	str	Identifier used in logs and reports.
isentropic_efficiency	float	Ratio of actual specific work extracted to the isentropic specific work available across the turbine. Must be between 0 and 1.
pressure_ratio	float	Ratio of turbine inlet total pressure to outlet total pressure. Greater than 1.
inlet_temperature_design	float	Total temperature at the turbine inlet [K] (>0).
mass_flow_design	float	Mass flow through the turbine [kg/s] (>0).

Raises:

Type	Description
ValueError	If any field is outside its valid physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/turbine.py

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
class TurbineSpec:
    """
    Turbine used by turbopump cycles.

    Attributes:
        name: Identifier used in logs and reports.
        isentropic_efficiency: Ratio of actual specific work extracted to the
            isentropic specific work available across the turbine. Must be between 0
            and 1.
        pressure_ratio: Ratio of turbine inlet total pressure to outlet total
            pressure. Greater than 1.
        inlet_temperature_design: Total temperature at the turbine inlet [K] (>0).
        mass_flow_design: Mass flow through the turbine [kg/s] (>0).

    Raises:
        ValueError: If any field is outside its valid physical range.
    """

    name: str
    isentropic_efficiency: float
    pressure_ratio: float
    inlet_temperature_design: float
    mass_flow_design: float

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
        if not (0.0 < self.isentropic_efficiency <= 1.0):
            raise ValueError(
                "isentropic_efficiency must be in the interval (0, 1], "
                f"got {self.isentropic_efficiency}"
            )
        if self.pressure_ratio <= 1.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "pressure_ratio must be strictly greater than one, "
                f"got {self.pressure_ratio}"
            )
        if self.inlet_temperature_design <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "inlet_temperature_design must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.inlet_temperature_design}"
            )
        if self.mass_flow_design <= 0.0:
            raise ValueError(
                "mass_flow_design must be strictly positive, "
                f"got {self.mass_flow_design}"
            )

__post_init__()

Validate that every field lies in its physical range.

Source code in machwave/models/feed_systems/components/turbine.py

def __post_init__(self) -> None:
    """Validate that every field lies in its physical range."""
    if not (0.0 < self.isentropic_efficiency <= 1.0):
        raise ValueError(
            "isentropic_efficiency must be in the interval (0, 1], "
            f"got {self.isentropic_efficiency}"
        )
    if self.pressure_ratio <= 1.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "pressure_ratio must be strictly greater than one, "
            f"got {self.pressure_ratio}"
        )
    if self.inlet_temperature_design <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "inlet_temperature_design must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.inlet_temperature_design}"
        )
    if self.mass_flow_design <= 0.0:
        raise ValueError(
            "mass_flow_design must be strictly positive, "
            f"got {self.mass_flow_design}"
        )